Poignantly, yesterday was the anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima. I was woken at 8:15 by the town’s PA system reminding us that this was the moment the bomb detonated and calling us to remembrance. (Public address systems set to broadcast through and entire town from the town hall are not rare in Japan.)
I turned over and went back to sleep.
Every anniversary of Hiroshima these announcements are broadcast across Japan, the TV and press is full of memorial events and kids are recalled from their school holidays to watch films about Hiroshima.
The bombing was undeniably a horrific and unjustifiable thing, and has led, at least among ordinary people to a genuine desire for peace and a hope that no one else on the planet will ever have to endure what the people of Hiroshima, and a few days later, Nagasaki had to endure.
For sure, these bombs were unprecedentedly awful in the amount of death they could inflict in one go and the particular horrors they inflicted on the human body. There is no doubt in mind that the US was partly motivated by wanting to make a display of strength to the Soviet Union and by simply wanting to test this new technology. There were other ways to proceed with winning the war.
However, Japan’s narrative of the bombs and peace is curious. It goes: we must never have war again because we suffered terribly through these bombings.
There is no space in this narrative for the atrocities committed by the Japanese across Asia. There is no mention of the 2 million people who died through forced labour, torture, indiscriminate killing, starvation, human experiments and so on. I am not arguing that the bombings were in any way justified by what the Japanese did to Asia. I am saying there is no mention of what led to the bombings in the national narrative: not on the TV, in the newspapers, and certainly not in the schools where the period of war leading up to the bombings is almost air brushed from history. The more conservative narratives go so far as to present Japan as the victim of the war, brutalized by stronger powers.
Indeed, many younger Japanese do not know by whom the war was fought or why. One acquaintance of mine in her twenties thought that the US and Japan were allied against the collected powers of Europe. I asked her about the atomic bombings and got no response but a puzzled look. Perhaps she and the people like her thought the bombing was an unprovoked, random attack. Another young person dismissed the idea that Japan had ever been occupied by the US.
Another part missing from the Japanese narrative of that time is how this nation was close to building its own nuclear weapon, which it would, presumably, have used against the US.
The day before Hiroshima day this year, I came across an interesting article written by a British guy that summarized Japan’s own attempts to build its nuclear weapon, and how they nearly succeeded. Japan worked energetically during the war to create the bomb but the US got there first and we know what happened. The estimates are that Japan was two or three months away from having a working weapon. (The research facility in Korea was overrun by the Soviets who took its secrets home with them thus speeding them on their way to their own weapon.)
That’s just two or three months from being able to nuke the US. Had Japan succeeded in making a nuclear weapon first, do we think that they would have declined to use it on San Francisco or Hawaii or Taiwan? Would they have held back for humanitarian reasons because this was the world’s worst weapon? I don’t think so. And the millions called to reflection yesterday morning simply don’t know.